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Osmania Degree Sem 5 from 2024-25 Solitude  by   Henry David Thoreau Unit 1 Prose ABOUT THE AUTHOR Henry David Thoreau (1817-1862) was an American essayist, poet, naturalist and philosopher. He was famous for having lived the principles of 'Transcendentalism, as documented in his classic work Walden. Transcendentalism was a nineteenth-century American literary, philosophical, religious and political movement with a fundamental belief in the unity of all creation and the innate goodness of people and nature. It is society and its institutions that corrupt the purity of the individual; humanity's best emerges when they are truly 'self-reliant' and independent. Thoreau was also a great champion of civil liberties as seen in his essay 'Civil Disobedience. ABOUT THE ESSAY In 1854, Thoreau published Walden; or, Life in the Woods. In eighteen chapters, Walden details Thoreau's experiences over the course of two years, two months, and two days in a cabin he built near W

 Osmania University English  Sem 1 Unit 2 Video lesson in English IF - By RUDYARD KIPLING   If you can keep your head when all about you        Are losing theirs and blaming it on you,    If you can trust yourself when all men doubt you,     But make allowance for their doubting too;    If you can wait and not be tired by waiting,     Or being lied about, don’t deal in lies, Or being hated, don’t give way to hating,     And yet don’t look too good, nor talk too wise: If you can dream—and not make dreams your master;        If you can think—and not make thoughts your aim;    If you can meet with Triumph and Disaster     And treat those two impostors just the same;    If you can bear to hear the truth you’ve spoken     Twisted by knaves to make a trap for fools, Or watch the things you gave your life to, broken,     And stoop and build ’em up with worn-out tools: If you can make one heap of all your winnings     And risk it on one turn of pitch-and-toss, And lose, and start again at you

  Osmania University Degree English                        Semester II                          Syllabus                                     &            Model Pa per JUNE / JULY 2024 Previous Question Paper JUNE / JULY 2024

Osmania Sem 5 Of Studies (excerpt) Unit 1 INTRODUCTION 'Of Studies' is an essay by Francis Bacon (15611626), an English philosopher, lawyer, statesman, a patron of libraries but remembered chiefly for the worldly wisdom of his essays. Most of the sentences in his essays read like proverbs. 'Of Studies' is from his collection, Essays or Counsels: Civil and Moral published in 1597. This aphoristic essay highlights the importance of studies and the value of learning. Bacon classifies the uses of studies and discusses the effects of reading, writing and conversing. He describes the different kinds of books and how to read them while also pointing out how different kinds of people use studies. TEXT Studies serve for delight, for ornament, and for ability. Their chief use for delight is in privatenes and retiring: for ornament, is in discourse, and for ability, is in the judgment and disposition of business. For expert men can execute, and perhaps judge of particulars, one by

 Syllabus with effect from 2024-25 Unit 1  One-Word Substitutes            One-word substitution is the use of a single word to replace a group of words or a complete sentence without any loss or change of meaning. One-word substitutes are very useful in werning precisely and clearly. They are essential in vocabulary building and development. Look the following sentence He thinks he can never do wrong or make any mistake.  This can be rewritten using one-word substitution as follows:  He thinks he is infallible.  EXERCISES Match the descriptions in Column A with their one word substitutes in Column B. Column A 1. In the same words as were used originally 2. Someone who loves collecting books 3. One who is violently against established beliefs 4 One with unlimited power 5. A poem of serious reflection, typically a lament for the dead 6. One who is recovering health after illness 7. One who runs away from justice 8. A small shelter for a dog 9 A backward look or a view into