BCA Sem 1 All Summaries& Grammar -SRR GDC(A) Karimnagar
English SEM 1 BCA SRR GDC (A) karimnagar
YouTube Short - question paper
BCA English Sem 1 Question paper December 2023
All Lessons Summaries & Grammar notes
Unit 1- A Snake in the Grass
R.K.Narayan is one of the greatest Indian English novelists.His subtle irony, gentle humour, indianness and lucid narrative style captivate the readers. He was honoured with Sahithya Akademi award in the year 196o for the novel ‘The Guide’
RK.Narayan’s short story ‘ A Snake in the Grass’ is centered around a Cobra which had entered a bungalow on a sunny afternoon. Upon hearing the news of cobra’s entry into the compound, the family members consisting of the mother and four sons in a great agitation, wakes up their old lazy servant Dasa. Dasa tries to dismiss the matter but the family rebukes him to search for the snake in the bushes. Dasa cleverly counters them for not providing grass cutter for months. While all are busy in cutting bushes and creepers to find the snake, the college boy of the house gives an elaborated statistics of snake-bite deaths.
An old beggar at the gate tells the mother that God Subramanya has come to visit her. The beggar words reminds the mother about her forgotten promise of Abhishekam to Lord Subramanya. A snake charmer appears before them and shows his skills in catching the snake. He gives his address to call him whenever they find the snake. The members of family and neighbours are tired as they have been searching for snake since afternoon.At five in the evening they sit in the veranda to take rest. Dasa,the tricky man, appears before them carrying a sealed water pot and claims that he has put the cobra in the pot. Dasa feeling himself like a champion ,goes outside to leave the snake . After a while a cobra is seen by the youngest son . It crawls under the gate and disappears along the drain. The family are in a state of confusion that whether there are two snakes or Dasa has deceived them. Deceitful Dasa, in order to retain his job, and to impress the family, cheats them cleverly. The author leaves the ending to the imagination of the readers.
The themes in the story are superstitions and tradition.It is a gentle satire on superstitious beliefs regarding snakes.
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1.Explain the irony in the story?
The irony at the end of the story is that Dasa ,a lazy servant ,tricked the family into believing that he had caught the cobra. Unaware of his trick, the family thought of rewarding him for his brave act.
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2. How is the title ' A Snake in the Grass' significant?
It is an apt title. The title is not mean to be taken literally. A snake in the grass is used as a metaphor in the story. Dasa, the servant is a decietful person, who decieves his employer to save his job. the author compares Dasa with the venoumous snake indirectly.
Articles
Articles are a type of determiner. They function like adjectives. They are of two kinds definite and indefinite,
Indefinite article (a/an): We use it before a singular noun. For example, a book, an apple, a scooter, an aeroplane, a teacher, an advocate, etc.
We use a before singular nouns beginning with consonant sounds. For example, bucket, a camel, a door, a kangaroo, a European, a one-time offer, a university, a unique person, etc.
We use an before singular nouns beginning with vowel sounds. For example, de application, an envelope, an American, an urgency, an MLA, an honest man, de hour an heir, etc.
Even though some nouns in the examples given above are spelt with a vowel (European, university, unique, etc.) we use the article a before them because they are pronounced with a consonant sound. Similarly, nouns like MLA (em-el-avi have the article an placed before them because they are pronounced with e vowel sound.
Words that begin with a silent h (honest, hour, heir, etc.) take the article an as the noun is pronounced with the vowel sound following the silent h.
Definite article (the): It generally specifies a particular noun. It identifies a person, place or thing already mentioned. For example,
There is a book in the room. The book is on the table.
There is some water in the glass. The water is hot.
Uses of definite article
➤ We use definite articles before nouns that are unique, specific or have some distinction. For example, the Sun, the Moon, the Earth, the Atlantic, the Himalavas, the Red Fort, the Taj Mahal, the North, the South, the British Museum, etc.
➤We use definite articles with the names of musical instruments. For example, the keyboard, the piano, the violin, the guitar, etc.
➤ The definite article is used with nouns representing their class. For example,
The lion is the king of the forest.
The eagle is the king of the birds.
➤ We also use the definite article with time expressions. For example,
The President will arrive in the morning.
The Prime Minister will depart in the evening.
➤ We use the in superlative expressions. For example, the greatest, the best, the tallest. the most, etc.
➤ We also use the definite article before ordinal numbers. For example.
Kalapana Chawla was the first Indian woman astronaut to enter space
➤We use the with names of rivers, seas, specific or a chain of mountains, a group islands, waterfalls, etc. For example, the Godavari, the Arabian Sea, zhe Everest, Himalayas, the Andamans, the Niagara, etc.
We use the with the names of holy books and famous books. For example, the Paradise Lost, the Odyssey, the Bible, the Koran, the Bhagavad Gita, the Guru Granth Sahib, etc.
We also use the definite article with proper nouns qualified by an adjective. For example, the immortal Shakespeare, the great Ambedkar.
We use the with names of countries associated with words like Republic, United, etc. For example, the United Arab Emirates, the Republic of South Korea, the United States of America, etc.
Omission of article
➤ We do not use the definite article before common nouns representing the whole
class. For example,
Man is mortal.
Teachers are the source of all inspiration.
➤ We omit the definite article with names of materials. For example,
Gold is valuable.
Wool is light.
➤ We do not use the definite article with abstract nouns. For example,
Sincerity leads to success.
Honesty is a virtue.
➤ We omit the definite article with names of languages. For example, I speak Latin.
Do you know English?
➤ We omit the definite article with words denoting relations. For example,
Mummy is getting ready for office.
My father is busy preparing breakfast.
Fill in the blanks with suitable articles. Put an X where an article is not needed.
1. I work in---- Government College.
2. Ranjan is ----cleverest boy in ----class.
3. Prashant is ---entertaining boy.
4. John is---American, but his wife is---European-
5. Sportsmen usually go for---walk in---morning
6.----Ramayana is--epic
7.------Godavari flows through Eturnagaram.
8. People with pets often lead----healthier life.
9.------higher you go,----cooler it becomes.
10. I want to join----university for higher studies.
Tenses (verb forms)
Tense refers to the temporal aspect of a verb in use and helps to indicate the time of an action. The tense forms of several verbs may be similar to those in your own language, but their meanings might be different, so let's be very careful! You may also find that many English tenses do not have direct translations.
The present tense
The present tense can be further divided into four categories:
➤ Simple present
➤ Present continuous
➤ Present prefect
➤ Present perfect continuous
➤ The simple present tense is used to express general facts, habitual actions and actions in the immediate future.
He goes to college daily.
The sun rises in the east.
Work is worship.
The match starts at 9 o'clock.
S+V + s/es+ O = present simple
I study English every day
➤ The present continuous tense is used to indicate an action that is taking place at the moment of speaking.
She is walking.
I am studying now.
She is reading.
There are several verbs that are not used in sentences in the present continuous tense. Like, dislike, love, hate, adore, detest, prefer, mind, resent, want, wish, envy, respect, despise, know, understand, doubt, believe, belong, own, possess have, contain, consist of, owe, need, lack, deserve, be, exist, seem, appear, resemble, signify, mean, matter are all examples of such verbs.
English is being studied by me now.
Additionally, the present continuous tense is also used to convey a future action. The sentence structure in such cases is subject + be + verb + -ing. We may use expressions like now, at present, right now, at this moment, today, this evening, in the present continuous tense.
I am joining the college cricket team next month.
We are playing this evening.
➤ The present perfect tense is used to indicate an action that has been completed sometime before the present moment, with a result that affects the present situation.
It is also used to describe experiences.
He has finished the work.
They have seen the play.
This tense form is associated with adverbs like already, yet, before, never, recently, at last, ever, just, lately. The present perfect tense is used when the time of the action indicates a time period until the present moment.
We also use this tense form along with for and since to talk about a present situation that
began at a specific point in the past and is still going on in the present. We are looking back from the present to a point in the past.
➤ The present perfect continuous tense is used to convey an action that started in the past and is continuing at the present time. Since and for are used in this tense.
He has been playing for an hour.
They have been working since morning.
The past tense
This tense is used to talk about actions that have been concluded in the past. It too has four categories:
► Simple past
► Past continuous
► Past perfect
> Past perfect continuous
- The simple past tense is used to express an action that happened sometime in the past.
He played cricket yesterday.
Richa went to Hyderabad last week.
ds rense.
The simple past - Yesterday, two my ajo last week, last year.
A past action or event -
1.Pranav left for Chennai yesterday
2.They were here last Sunday.
A past habit -
1.Deepika used to sing songs three years ago.
2. Ashok used to write articles for The Hindu previously.
The past continuous tense
A continuous action in the past -
1.Vamsy was reading a novel when the calling-bell rang.
2. I was preparing for IAS at the time of my sister's marriage.
The past perfect tense
(Sub + had +V3)
An action completed before another past action.
The bus had left before they reached the bus station.
The drama had already begun before we entered the theatre.
The past perfect continuous tense
Sub + had been + V+ing
- An action which began in the past and continued to a certain point of time in the past.
Anil had been suffering from illness when we visited him last year.
He had been cultivating lands for twenty years when they moved to Hyderabad city for employment.
The Future Tense
It is used to describe events which will happen in the future time.
He will speak to the manager about the home loan next week.
The future tense has four aspects namely:
The Future Simple Tense,
The Future Continuous Tense,
The Future Perfect Tense
The Future Perfect Continuous Tense.
The Simple Future Tense-
Tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, next week.
A future action:-
Sumana will give a performance next week in Ravindra Bharathi, Hyderabad.
A present habit -
I shall try again for the UPSC exams next year. He will come here at 7 a.m. every day.
A general truth -:-Gold will be more expensive than any other metal. In summer snow will melt into water.
The future continuous tense
will/shall + be+Ving
A future action which will be continuous at a point of time in the future. Shruthi will be travelling at 6 a.m. tomorrow.
Deepak will be singing tomorrow.
The future perfect tense
A future action which will be completed at a point of time in the future.
We will have completed the project by 9 p.m. tonight.
They will have completed the project by the end of May next year.
The future perfect continuous tense
A future action which will begin at a point of time and will be continuous and ar a later point of time.
We shall have been travelling for three hours at 8 a.m. tomorrow.
They will have been playing Chess in the afternoon next Sunday.
Exercise
1. 1--- (work) as a teacher since 1999.
2. Kamal Hasan is--- (be) an excellent Indian actor.
3. He can ---(come) to my office last month.
4. Stories ----- (like) by children very much.
5. The maid broke the cup while she ----- (wash) it.
6. Both the boy and his brother ---- (be) in the house yesterday.
7. His speech ----- (reflect) his ideas on multiculturalism.
8. Shreya ------ (sleep) here since 3 o'clock.
9. The President of India -----(Visit) America shortly.
10. She usually ---- (sit) in the front row.
11. Madhu has to reach home before it---- (get) dark.
12. It -----(rain), when I met Sujatha.
13. Girija---- (have) a huge bungalow at the center of city.
14. Akbar ---(rule) India long ago.
15. English is ---- (speak) in many countries in the world.
16. The Principal ---- (ask) the teacher why he --- (come) so late to college.
17. By the time the boy came into the class, the others---- (leave).
18. Shruthi has ---(just, come) from her friend's house.
19. Deepika will buy the house when she --- (save) enough money.
20. Radha ----(know) Rammohan well they --- (meet) at the park every Sunday.
ANSWERS
1.have been 2) is 3) came
4) are liked 5) was washing 6) we're
7) reflects 8) has been sleeping
9) is visiting 10) sits 11) gets
13) has 14) ruled 15) is spoken
16) asked had come 17) had left
18) :has just 19) saves 20) meet.
1. Fill in the blanks with the present simple or the present continuous of the verbs given in brackets.
Exercise
1. The custard apple---- (be) a tasty and healthy fruit.
2. The moon--(appear) at night.
3. It-- (rain) now. We can't go out now.
4. Light (not, pass) through a wall.
5. Hyderabad---(be) the capital of Telangana.
6. All banks ----(open) on the first and the third Saturday of the month.
8. People--- (speak) Telugu in AP and Telangana.
(speak) English in the class (speak) Telugu now.
9. My English teacher usually room, but surprisingly she
10.------North Indians---(eat) chapattis daily?
11.---he ----(do) any job at present?
Unit 2 On Saying Please
A.G.Gardiner was an essayist, editor, and journalist . He wrote under the pen name ‘Alpha of the Plough’. The essay ‘On Saying Please’ is taken from the collection ‘Many Furrows’. His popular works are “Pebbles on the Shore”, Pillars of Society’ and “Leaves in the Wind”. This essay throws light on the importance of expressing small courtesies like thank you, please, pardon, and sorry in conversation and the negative impact of bad temper and rudeness in daily life. A.G.Gardiner explores the themes of responsibility, politeness, good manners and control over the emotions. These small courtesies do a lot in leading our life smoothly. Negative things such as Impoliteness, discourtesy and bad temper hurt others self-respect. The writer analyses the two contrary characters in this essay i.e. an angry lift man and a polite bus conductor.
An young Lift man in a City office demands ‘Top please ‘ when he is asked ‘Top’ by a passenger while entering the lift. The lift man is hurt by passenger’s discourtesy and in retaliation the passenger is thrown out of the lift. Though the lift man is offended, he can’t file a case against him. Discourtesy is not a legal offence and The lift man can't sue passenger for his impoliteness . The writer opines that the lift man may express his angry at his wife in the evening as he is thinking much about the incident happened in the lift. The writer gives an account of Sir Anthony Absolute, Captain Absolute, Fag and Lift passenger who see the only way of restoring their equilibrium by passing anger and frustration on to others
The writer narrates his experience when he boards a bus without any money in his pocket and he is surprised by the kind gesture of conductor for booking a ticket to his destination. The writer gives an elaborate account of good natured conductor about his concern for old passengers and the blind on board. The polite conductor illuminates an atmosphere of good temper and kindness and a journey with him is a great pleasure to the writer. The writer says that Courtesy, civility and morality in every day life are the key ingredients to a happy and cheerful life.
Unit 3 My Financial Career
Stephen Leacock was a Canadian writer, teacher, political scientist and humorist. The short story is extracted from his collection of humours fiction 'Literary Lapses'.
It is a funny short story about the narrator’s experience at a bank. He knew beforehand that he was agitated at the sight of money,clerks,wickets and everything else in the bank.The narrator salary had been raised to 50 (fifty) dollars a month so he thought that the bank was the only place to save it.
He entered the bank and asked the clerk about the manager .The accountant took him to the manager. There narrator demanded manager to meet him 'alone'.The alarmed manager first thought that the narrator was a detective from Pinkerton agency, later a rich man. On hearing that the narrator visited the bank to open an account to deposit an amount of 56 dollars, the manager literally shoved him out of the room. The confused narrator accidentally stepped into the safe . Then he was sent to the accountant's wicket to deposit money. He pushed the ball of money into the counter.The nervous narrator had gone through the ordeal of opening an account and wrote fifty six dollars instead of the intended six dollars on the cheque. All the clerks looked at him surprisingly. He felt insulted by banking staff but decided to continue his drama to cover his stupidity .He withdrew all his amount from the bank.He made a fool of himself through his action. He heard a roar of laughter as he left the bank. The narrator, a phobic of banks, never dared to save his money in bank since then.
The writer explores the cold attitude of bankers towards common people in this short story.
Unit 3- Prepositions
Prepositions are words that appear before nouns, pronouns and gerunds and link them to other nouns,verbs and adjectives in the sentence.
She is in the kitchen.
He parked his scooter under the tree.
Teacher put his book on the table.
The frog jumped into the well.
On is used with days.
I will meet you on Monday.
The week starts on Tuesday.
On Christmas
On Dasara
On Republic Day
On Independence Day
On 15 th June, 2024
At is used with noon, night, midnight, and with the time of day.
I will come at 2pm
My plane leaves at noon.
The movie starts at 7 p.m.
In is used with other parts of the day, with months, with years, with seasons.
He likes to read in the afternoon.
He was born in 2011.
The days are long in August.
The novel was published in 1999.
The flowers will bloom in spring.
Place :- He is in the kitchen.
I am in hyderabad.
She lives in Agra.
Since, for, by, from—to, from—until, during, (with)in – expresses extended time.
She has been gone since yesterday. (She left yesterday and has not returned.)
Virat has been playing cricket since 2010
Raju has been teaching English for 10 years
He has been absent since Monday
I'm going to Paris for two weeks. (I will spend two weeks there.)
The movie showed from August to/until October. (Beginning in August, ending in October.)
I watch TV during the evening. (For some period of time in the evening.)
We must finish the work within a year. (No longer than a year.)
I will meet you within an hour.
Place:-
In – describes the point itself.
There is a wasp in the room.
Inside – expresses something contained.
Keep your books in the shelf.
Put the present inside the box.
On – talks about the surface.
My book is on the table.
I left your keys on the table.
At – talks about a general vicinity.
She was waiting at the corner.
I will wait for you at the bus stand.
She lives at Ganeshwada in Jangaon.
Over, above – when the object is higher than a point.
He threw the ball over the roof.
Hang that picture above the couch.
Under, underneath, beneath, below – when the object is lower than a point.
The rabbit burrowed under the ground.
The goat is under the tree.
The child hid underneath the blanket.
We relaxed in the shade beneath the branches.
The valley is below sea-level.
Near, by, next to, between, among, opposite – when the object is close to a point.
She lives near the school.
There is an ice cream shop by the store.
A Neem tree grows next to my house
She sits next to him.
The house is between Elm Street and Maple Street.
I found my pen lying among the books.
The bathroom is opposite the kitchen.
Introduce objects of verbs
At – with verbs glance, laugh, look, rejoice, smile, and stare
She took a quick glance at her reflection.
(exception with mirror: She took a quick glance in the mirror.)
You didn't laugh at his joke.
I'm looking at the computer monitor.
We rejoiced at his safe rescue.
That pretty girl smiled at you.
Stop staring at me.
Of – with verbs approve, consist, and smell
I don't approve of his speech.
My contribution to the article consists of many pages.
He came home smelling of alcohol.
Of/About –with verbs dream and think
I dream of finishing college in four years.
Can you think of a number between one and ten?
I am thinking about this problem.
For – with verbs call, hope, look, wait, watch, and wish
Did someone call for a taxi?
He hopes for a raise in salary next year.
I'm looking for my keys.
I am waiting for you.
We'll wait for her here.
You go buy the tickets, and I'll watch for the train.
If you wish for an "A" in this class, you must work hard.
Frequently Misused Prepositions
Prepositions may sometimes be confused because of slang and the general informality of talk.
Here are some frequently misused prepositions.
beside, besides.
Beside means next to, whereas besides means in addition.
The comb is beside the brush.
Latha sits beside Raju in the classroom.
Raju has a scooter besides a big car.
Besides planning the trip, she is also getting the tickets.
between, among. Generally, between is used when two items are involved;
with three or more, among is preferred.
Between you and me, he is among friends.
Teacher distributed sweets among the students.
Ramu distributed his property between his two daughters
due to. Due to should not be used as a preposition meaning because of.
Because of (not due to) his speeding, we were all ticketed.
inside of. The “of” is always unnecessary.
Stay inside the house.
The man stayed outside (not outside of) the post office.
Despite:-
Sania Mirza played despite her injury.
Instead of=in place of or as an alternative to
She met her junior instead of her boss.
We go by train instead of bus
**** ****"" **"""" ****""""
SRR Govt.Arts & Science College
Unit 2 - Direct and indirect speech
There are two ways of reporting what has been spoken.
We can either use the direct speech (DS), also called a narration, to quote the exact words spoken by a person by putting them within quotation marks. For example,
She said, 'I am well.'
We may report the crux of the words of a speaker using the indirect speech (IS), without
using the exact works used by a speaker. This is also called the reported speech. For example,
She said that she was well.
A sentence in the direct speech often has two verbs. For example,
She said, 'I like sweets.' (DS)
In this sentence said is the reporting verb while like is the reported verb.
In this sentence said is the reporting verb while like is the reported verb.
➤ When the reporting verb is in the simple present tense or the present continuous tense or the present perfect tense or necessary in the reported verb. the simple future tense, no change of tense is
He is saying, 'I am late.' (DS)
He is saying that he is late. (IS)
He says, 'I like ice cream.'(DS)
He says that he likes ice cream.(IS)
When the reporting verb is in any of the past tenses, the tense of the reported verbs changes in the following manner:
Direct Speech Indirect Speech
will would
shall should
can could
may might
simple present simple past
Present perfect past perfect
present continuous past continuous present perfect continuous past perfect continuous
Simple past past perfect
past perfect past perfect continuous
Past continuous past perfect continuous
Words expressing nearness in time expressing distance.
this - that
here --there
hence --thence
hither ---thither
ago ---before
now ---then
at once --just then
today -- that day
tomorrow -the next day/the following day
the day before / the previous da
last week ----the previous week
ten years ago -before ten years
ten days back--ten days before
must---had to
hereby--thereby
that-that
ago--before
next week---the following week
yesterday ----the day before/the previous day.
➤ When a universal truth is stated, the tense does not change. For example,
The teacher said, 'The earth moves round the sun.'
The teacher said that the earth moves round the sun.
➤ Remember these conjunctions when you change DS into IS.
Type of Sentence
Declarative/Assertive sentence----that
Interrogative sentence
Wh- question----Wh- word
Non Wh- question (yes-no type) -----if/whether
Imperative sentence
Negative - not to
Positive --to
Exclamatory sentence -----that.
Unit 2- Phonetics
Sounds of English Language 44
English alphabet has 26 letters.There are 24 consonants and 20 vowels
Consonant sounds are 24.
Consonant Sounds
Vowel Sounds are 20.They are divided into 2 groups.
12 pure vowels or Monophthongs
8 Dipthongs.
Monophthongs - 12
/iː/ each,heat,fee
/ɪ/ ill, nit, pity
/e/ end, bend
/æ/ sat, land
/ɑː/ art, farm, car
/ɒ/ on,pot
/ɔː/ all, caught, saw
/ʊ/ book
/uː/ ooze, loose, too
/ʌ/ up, cup
/ɜː/ earth, world, sir
/ə/ about, suppose, writer
Vowel Sounds - Diphthongs: 8
/eɪ/ ape, late,day
/aɪ/ ice,high, fly
/ɔɪ/ oil, join, joy
/əʊ/ oats, joke, flow
/aʊ/ out, town, now
/ɪə/ ear, clear,near
/eə/ fair, share, care
/ʊə/ curious,poor.
Unit 2- Syllabification
Syllable
A syllable is part of a word, a unit of pronunciation. It has one vowel sound generally surrounded by consonants. It can form a whole word or be a part of a word. Understanding word stress helps to understand syllables. Words may have one, two, three or more syllables. A syllable contains at least one vowel-a, e, i, o
Syllabication
1 (monosyllabic)
act, cat, heat, love, week, soul
2 (disyllabic)
Words:-attract, beggar, create, debate, forget, conflict
syllabification:-at-tract, beg-gar, cre-ate, de-bate, for-get, con-flict
3 (trisyllabic)
Words:- Indian, capital, different, treasury, adequate,
Syllabication:-In-di-an, ca-pi-tal, dif-fer-ent, treas-ur-y, a-deq-uate, to-mor-row
4 (tetrasyllabic)
Word:-technology, equality, immediate, economy, astrologer
Syllabication:-tech-no-lo-gy, e-qua-li-ty, im-me- di-ate, e-co-no-my, as-tro-lo-ger
more than 4 (polysyllabic)
Words:- fundamentally, personification, inferiority
Syllabication:- fun-da-men-tal-ly, per-so-ni-fi-ca- ❘tion, in-fe-ri-o-ri-ty
Syllable division is done on the basis of vowels and is marked with a hyphen. Look at the division of syllables in the following words.
win - one syllable (monosyllabic)
school - one syllable (monosyllabic)
book - one syllable (monosyllabic)
one syllable (monosyllabic)
come -one syllable (monosyllabic)
one syllable (monosyllabic)
go - one syllable (monosyllabic)
teach - one syllable (monosyllabic)
learn- one syllable (monosyllabic)
begin- be-gin (disyllabic)
believe- be-lieve (disyllabic)
teacher- tea-cher (disyllabic)
belong- be-long (disyllabic)
below- be-low (disyllabic)
consist- con-sist (disyllabic)
vowel- vo-wel (disyllabic)
consonant-con-so-nant (trisyllabic)
popular-po-pu-lar (trisyllabic)
sympathy- sym-pa-thy (trisyllabic)
Exam model
Identify the number of syllables in the following words.
1. time 2. mobile 3. recharge
4. tension 5. computer 6. college
7. phone 8. right 9. literature
10. economics 11. politics 12. leader
13. citizen 14. money 15. attend
16. calculator 17. company 18. idea
19. memory 20. electronic.
Answers
1.mono syllabic -1
2.disyllabic -2
3.disyllabic -2
4.disyllabic -2
5.trisyllabic -3
6.disyllabic -2
7.mono syllabic -1
8.mono syllabic -1
9.tetrasyllabic-4
10.tetrasyllabic-4
11.trisyllabic -3
12.disyllabic -2
13.trisyllabic -3
14.disyllabic -2
15.disyllabic -2
16.tetrasyllabic-4
17.trisyllabic -3
18.trisyllabic -3
19.trisyllabic -3
20.tetrasyllabic-4
Exercise:-
Mention the number of syllables in the following words
(i) family
(ii) tournament
(iii) mother
iv) liberty
(v) compromise
(vi) reign
Unit 3-NOTICE WRITING
1.A notice is written within a box.
2.It is usually written in the third person. However, for some notices the first person 'we' or the second person 'you' may be used.
3.It must be short, precise and relevant to the topic. It usually has a word limit of 50 words.
4.The name and address of the issuing authority is placed at the top followed by the word 'NOTICE', the date and the heading.
5.The name and designation of the signatory authority should be placed on the lower left hand corner of the notice.
6.The tone of the notice should be objective, impartial and formal.
Text book exercises:-
Q.1) As a Physical Director of a college announcing the annual Sports Day for students and staff.
Answer-
SRR Govt.Arts & Science College
Karimnagar
Telangana
NOTICE
24 March 2022
Annual Sports Day
All the students and staff are hereby informed that our college Annual Sports Day will be held
on 28th March 2022 in Auditorium.Sri.Kannan, District collector, Karimnagar is our chief guest. Principal of the college will preside over the function.Make it a grand success.
Time- 10 am
Ch.Dhyana Samanvai
Physical Director
2) Annual Sports Day/ Meet
SRR Govt.Arts & Science College
Karimnagar
Telangana
NOTICE
24 December 2021
ANNUAL SPORTS MEET
All the students are informed that our college is organising the Annual Sports Meet on 28th March 2022.The Sports Meet will be inaugurated by the District Sub collector,Karimnagar in college playground.
Competitions will be conducted in various events such as Athletics,Indoor games, Cricket , Basketball.etc.
Interested students can register their names at the department of physical education.
k.Mithun
Physical Director
3) notice on college magazine
NOTICE
24 March 2022
COLLEGE MAGAZINE
All the students are hereby informed that our college magazine committee is going to publish "Sahithi Chetana" College Magazine for this academic year 2021-22. Interested students submit your literary pieces i.e. poems, stories,essays, Articles and jokes to English lecturer Sri. S.Ram. your write ups must be written legibly or neatly typed on A4 sheet.
Last date for submission-28 March.
S.Sreehitha
Editor
Counter signed by Principal
englishlanguage-lit.blogspot.com
Q.4) write a notice inviting students to register for Inter-college dance competitions.
SRR Govt.Arts & Science College
Karimnagar
Telangana
NOTICE
24 December 2021
Inter-College Dance Competition
Our college is going to organise Inter-College dance competitions from 26th December to 29th December 2021. We invite all the students, who are interested in dancing can register their names in the office by 25th December.
Venue- Auditorium.
Events-Solo,folk, group
S.Rajesh Kumar
Cultural Secretary
Counter signed by Principal
Secretary
Govt Degree College
,Hyderabad
5) Write a notice about a painting exhibition
NOTICE
16 September 2023
PAINTING EXHIBITION
The school is organising a painting exhibition on 4th October 2023 from 11 am to 1 pm for BA, BSC, BCom students.This year's theme would be 'Global Warming'. Interested candidates are requested to submit their names to the respective group teachers by 26th September 2034
Abhi Sharma
Cultural Secretary
Unit 3-Grammar:-MINUTES OF MEETING (MOM)
Minutes of Meeting is a written document, which describes the decisions taken at a meeting or plans of the organisation. It should be concise and to the point since it is
an official document. In the Minutes of Meeting, items are to be included in the following format:
Title
Date and time (When)
Where (place)
Members attended
Agenda circulated
Resolutions taken
Signatures
Sample format for Minutes of Meeting.
1. Name of the company or organisation
2.Date, Time 3.Location | ||
4.Members attended | ||
Present (Insert Name) | ||
Regret (Insert Name) | ||
Absent (Insert Name) | ||
5.Agenda Circulated | ||
6.Resolution taken | ||
7.Signatures | ||
Chairman (Name) | ||
Secretary (Name) | ||
Members (Name) | ||
1. | ||
2. | ||
3. | ||
Karimnagar, Telangana
Date: 02.04.2023
Minutes of the QuickPort Co. Ltd. held on 2 April, 2023 at 2 P.M. at the company’s registered office.
Members attended
- Mr. Ramakrishna - Chairman
- Mr. Raj Deepak - Director
- Mr. Nataraj -. Director
- Mrs. Rajini - Managing Director
- Mr. J. Ali -Secretary.
Agenda Circulated
Discussion on the financial position of the company.
The matters related to the promotion of the employees. Trying for a Govt Contract
Any other points with the permission of the Chairman.
Resolutions
After much discussion, the following are resolve
-It is resolved to promote the eligible employees in the company.
-The responsibility of bidding for the Govt contract is given to the secretary.
Signatures
Secretray-
Members
1.
2.
3. Chairman
2) Write the minutes of meeting for parent- teacher meeting in a school. ( May 2023)
Minutes of the Parent-Teacher Meeting
School: Paramitha High School, Karimnagar
Date: 20-04-2023
Time: 11 a.m.
Attendees
M. Adi- Head Master
G. Swathi, Science Teacher
S. Srilatha, English
K. Nikhil, Physical Education
M. Ramesh - President parents Association
K. Sriram - parent member
Agenda
Discussion on the problems of the students
Planning for improving Educational standards
Enhancement of academic fees
I. Welcome and Introduction
- The meeting began at 11 a.m. with a welcome address by Nikhil, a physical education teacher.
- The headmaster presented a detailed overview of the curriculum for the academic year
- Resolutions:-
- Resolve to provide parents with ample time to ask questions and address any concerns regarding their child's education and curriculum.
- Enhancement of academic fee with consent of committee.
Note: These minutes are a summary of the key points discussed during the meeting.
Signatures
Head Master -
Members:
1.
2.
3.
Chairman of the school
3. Imagine you are the member of the music club of your college .Write the Minutes of Meeting for a meeting held by the club about an upcoming music concert at the college(Text book Page 112)
Minutes of Music Club Meeting
Date: 11 May 2024
Time: 10 am
Venue of the meeting: - College Music Club
Attendees:
1. S.Rajesh. Principal & Chairman of the club
2. Ch.Maruthi.-Member from the faculty
3. S.Sushanth.-Student Member 1
4. K.Keerthi - Student Member 2
5. G.Ramu - Student Member 3
Agenda:
1. Discussion on the upcoming music concert at the college.
2. Planning roles and responsibilities.
3. Budget allocation.
4. Promotion and marketing strategies.
**1. Opening:**
- The meeting started at 10 am in the college music club under chairmanship of the principal.
**2. Discussion on the upcoming music concert:**
- Chairman provided an overview of the upcoming music concert, detailing its purpose, date, and venue.
- Members shared their ideas on the type of music to be performed, considering the preferences of the college audience.
Resolutions
Planning roles and responsibilities:**
- It was decided that Member 1 would be responsible for coordinating with the performers and managing their requirements.
- Member 2 will take care of stage setup and equipment arrangements.
-Member 3 agreed to handle ticket sales and distribution.
*Budget allocation:**
- Ch.Maruthi, member from falulty, presented the proposed budget for the concert, including expenses for performers, venue rental, equipment, promotion, and miscellaneous costs.
- After discussion, it was agreed to allocate funds accordingly, with a focus on maximizing the event's impact within the set budget constraints.
** Next Meeting:**
- The next meeting was scheduled for [Date] at [Time] in [Location] to review progress and address any issues leading up to the concert.
Signatures;-
S.Rajesh
Principal &Chairman
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